Online first
Current issue
Archive
Special Issues
About the Journal
Publication Ethics
Anti-Plagiarism system
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Reviewers
Editorial Board
Editorial Office
Contact
Reviewers
All Reviewers
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
General Data Protection Regulation (RODO)
RESEARCH PAPER
Responses of growth of lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) to different treatments methods of dairy wastewater
1
Industrial Technology – Environment, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(1):42-48
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
Water is one of the most important precious resources found on the earth, and are most often affected by anthropogenic activities and by industry. Pollution caused by human beings and industries is a serious concern throughout the world. Population growth, massive urbanization, rapid rate of industrialization and modern techniques in agriculture have accelerated water pollution and led to the gradual deterioration of its quality. A large quantity of waste water disposed of at sea or on land has caused environmental problems which have led to environmental pollution, economic losses and chemical risks caused by the wastewater, and its impact on agriculture. However, waste water which contain nutrients and organic matter has possible advantages for agricultural purposes. Therefore, the presented study was undertaken to assess the impact of Dairy Effluent (treated and untreated waste water) on seed germination, seedling growth, dry matter production and the biochemical parameters of lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).
Material and Methods:
A field experiment in a green house was conducted to use raw and treated dairy wastewater for watering lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). The plants were watered using (WW) raw dairy wastewater, (T1) chemicals treatment, (T2) physical treatment, (T3) dilution method treatment and tap water (TW) in pot experiments. Ten plants of each treatment /3 replicate were randomly selected and labelled for the collection of data. The data was collected sequentially, starting with chlorophyll content pre-harvest, vegetative qualities (shoot, root and seedling length) and dry matter quality (shoot and root dry matter) pos-tharvest.
Results:
The effect was seen on the germination seed and growth of the plant. The results showed inhibitory effect from dairy effluent (WW) on seed germination and plant growth. Treatment with chemicals showed statistically significant differences with other treatments. Chemical treatment (TC2) at 20 mg/L Al2(SO4)3 and pH 6.5 improved all growth characteristics, compared with WW, and TW reached 85%, 70.8 cm, 28.6 cm, 99.4 cm, 65.36%, 15.86% and 3.543 Mgg FW for seed germination, shoot length, root length, seedling length, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and chlorophyll, respectively. Also, 25% concentration and 6.5 pH from the dilution method treatment improved all the qualities, but at a lower level. A maximum favourable effect was also observed in the (T2) physical treatment, and ranged from average to moderate in terms of impact.
Conclusions:
Thus, dairy effluent, after chemical treatment and proper dilution, can be used as a potential source of water for seed germination and plant growth in agricultural practices.
Water is one of the most important precious resources found on the earth, and are most often affected by anthropogenic activities and by industry. Pollution caused by human beings and industries is a serious concern throughout the world. Population growth, massive urbanization, rapid rate of industrialization and modern techniques in agriculture have accelerated water pollution and led to the gradual deterioration of its quality. A large quantity of waste water disposed of at sea or on land has caused environmental problems which have led to environmental pollution, economic losses and chemical risks caused by the wastewater, and its impact on agriculture. However, waste water which contain nutrients and organic matter has possible advantages for agricultural purposes. Therefore, the presented study was undertaken to assess the impact of Dairy Effluent (treated and untreated waste water) on seed germination, seedling growth, dry matter production and the biochemical parameters of lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).
Material and Methods:
A field experiment in a green house was conducted to use raw and treated dairy wastewater for watering lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). The plants were watered using (WW) raw dairy wastewater, (T1) chemicals treatment, (T2) physical treatment, (T3) dilution method treatment and tap water (TW) in pot experiments. Ten plants of each treatment /3 replicate were randomly selected and labelled for the collection of data. The data was collected sequentially, starting with chlorophyll content pre-harvest, vegetative qualities (shoot, root and seedling length) and dry matter quality (shoot and root dry matter) pos-tharvest.
Results:
The effect was seen on the germination seed and growth of the plant. The results showed inhibitory effect from dairy effluent (WW) on seed germination and plant growth. Treatment with chemicals showed statistically significant differences with other treatments. Chemical treatment (TC2) at 20 mg/L Al2(SO4)3 and pH 6.5 improved all growth characteristics, compared with WW, and TW reached 85%, 70.8 cm, 28.6 cm, 99.4 cm, 65.36%, 15.86% and 3.543 Mgg FW for seed germination, shoot length, root length, seedling length, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and chlorophyll, respectively. Also, 25% concentration and 6.5 pH from the dilution method treatment improved all the qualities, but at a lower level. A maximum favourable effect was also observed in the (T2) physical treatment, and ranged from average to moderate in terms of impact.
Conclusions:
Thus, dairy effluent, after chemical treatment and proper dilution, can be used as a potential source of water for seed germination and plant growth in agricultural practices.
REFERENCES (27)
1.
Prabhakar PS, Mall M, Singh J. Impact of fertilizer factory effluent on Seed Germination, Seedling growth and Chlorophyll content of Gram (Cicer aeritenum). J. Environ. Biol. 2004; 27(1): 153–156.
2.
Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th Ed. American Public Health Association (APHA), 1998.
3.
Water Sanitation and Health (WSH). World Health Organization (WHO), www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/waste-water (access: 31.07.2003).
5.
Manu KJ, Mohan Kumar MV1, Mohana VS. Effect of Dairy Effluent (treated and untreated) on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Biochemical Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L.). Manu et al. Int. J. Res. Chem. Environ. 2012; 2(1): 62–69.
6.
MOEF (Ministry of Environment and Forest), Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess (Amendment) Act. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi 2003.
7.
Kapanen A, Itawara M. Ecotoxicity tests for compost application. Ecotox Environ Safety. 2001; 49: 1–16.
8.
Younas M, Shahzad F. Assessment of Cd, Ni, Cu and Pb pollution in Lahore. Pakistan Environ. Intern. 1998; 24: 761–766.
9.
Jamal A, Ayub N, Usman M, Khan AG. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance Zn and Ni uptake upaake from contaminated soil by soybean and lentil. Interational journal of Phytoremediation 2002; 4: 203–221.
10.
Dhanam S. Effect of dairy effluent on seed germination, seedling growth and biochemical parameter in Paddy. Botanical Res. International. 2009; 2(2): 61–63.
11.
Arnon (1999) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris L. Botanical Res. International. 2009; 2(2): 61–63.
12.
Dalaly B, Al-Hakim S. Food Analysis. Books House for Printing and Publishing, Mousl University, Iraq (in Arabic) 1987.
13.
Achak M, Ouazzani M. Removal of organic pollutants and nutrients from oil mill waste water by a sand filter. J. Environ. Management. 2009; 90: 2771–2779.
14.
Pandit BR, Prasannakumar PG, Mahesh KR. Effect of dairy effluent on seed germination, seedling growth and pigment of Pennesetum typhoides Barm and Sorghum bicolor L. Poll. Res. 1996; 15(2): 121–123.
15.
Mohana VS, Srinivasa M, Prasanna KT, Balakrishna G. Characterization of biodiesel spent wash and amelioration through chemical coagulation for irrigation. Environ. Ecol. 2011; 29(3A): 1274–1278.
16.
Feofanov YA, Litmanova NL. Influence of solution pH and of coagulation agent dose on removal of organic impurities from wastewater of dairy plants by treatment with aluminum ox chloride. Russian J. Appl. Chem. 2000; 73(8): 1465–1466.
17.
Mountadar HM, Assobhel O. Comparative study of the efficacy of three coagulants in treating dairy factory waste water. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2005; 58: 2.
18.
Augusthy PO, Sherin MA. Effect of factory effluents on seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna radiate L. J. Env. Res. 2001; 22(92): 137–139.
19.
Bera AK, Kanta B. Effect of tannery effluents on seed germination, seedling growth and chlorophyll content in mung bean (Vigna radiata). Environ. Ecol. 1999; 17: 955–961.
20.
Sundaramoorthy P, Lakshami S. Screening of groundnut varieties for tolerance to tannary effluents. Pollution Res. 2000; 19(4): 543–548.
21.
Panasker DB, Pawar RS. Effect of textile mill effluent on growth of Sorgham vulgare and Vigna aconitifolia seedlings. Indian J. Sci. Technol. 2011; 4(3): 273–278.
22.
Hussain F, Malik SA, Athar M, Bashir N, Younis U, Hassan MU, Mahmood S. Effect of tannery effluents on seed germination and growth of two sunflower cultivars. Afr. J. Biotech. 2010; 9(32): 5113–5120.
23.
Chidankumar CS, Chandraju S. Impact of irrigation of distillery spent wash on the nutrients of pulses in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops. Int. J. Res. Chem. Environ. 2011; 1(1): 19–23.
24.
Rodgers M, Healy MG, Mulqueen J. Organic carbon removal and nitrification of high strength wastewaters using stratified sand filters. Water res. 2005; 39(14): 3279–3286.
25.
Day AD, Rahaman A, Katterman FRM, Jensen V. Effect of treated municipal waste water and commercial fertilizer on growth, fiber, acid soluble nucleotides, protein and amino acid content in wheat hay. J. Environ. Qual. 1974; 3: 17–19.
26.
Kretzschmar R. Abwasserverwertung. In: Blume HP (ed.). Handbuch des Bodenschutzes. ECOMED Verlagsgesellschaft, 1990. 425–439.
27.
Medaware Development of tools and guidelines for the promotion of the sustainable. Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Agricultural production Development of Specifications for Urban Wastewater Utilization, 2005.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1898-2263 |
| ISSN: | 1232-1966 |
Improvement of visual identification of the journal - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher Education allocated to the activities of disseminating science.
Generation of the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
