Online first
Current issue
Archive
Special Issues
About the Journal
Publication Ethics
Anti-Plagiarism system
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Reviewers
Editorial Board
Editorial Office
Contact
Reviewers
All Reviewers
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
General Data Protection Regulation (RODO)
RESEARCH PAPER
Examination of oral biofilm microbiota in patients using fixed orthodontic appliances in order to prevent risk factors for health complications
1
Department of Orthodontics, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Medical Biology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
3
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA; One Health Center, Berry College, Mount Berry, Georgia, USA
Corresponding author
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019;26(2):231-235
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Biological agents posing occupational risk in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industry and diseases caused by these agents (zoonoses, allergic and immunotoxic diseases)Prevention of occupational diseases in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industryState of the health of rural communities depending on various factors: social factors, accessibility of medical care, etc.
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
In recent decades the use of orthodontic appliances in Poland has increased; however, data on their influence on changes of components of the microbiome connected with oral biofilm are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral microbiota in terms of their role as risk factors for health complications.
Material and methods:
The study included 100 patients treated with removable or fixed appliances. Oral hygiene and gingival health were determined, and periodontal swabs taken from each patient for parasitological, bacteriological and mycological microscopic and in vitro examinations.
Results:
Oral protists and various pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial and fungal strains were identified in the superficial layer of biofilm. A higher prevalence of bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and various strains of yeast-like fungi from the Candida albicans group, occurred in patients treated with the fixed appliance than in those using a removable appliance or not treated orthodontically. In some periodontal samples from patients treated with fixed appliances, cysts of the Acanthamoeba spp. were found.
Conclusions:
The use of orthodontic appliances alters the status of the oral cavity; it has impact on the colonization of oral biofilm by opportunistic/pathogenic strains, and increases the risk of their dissemination to various human tissues and organs. Pretreatment examination of oral microbiome, its monitoring particularly during treatment with fixed appliances, and preventive elimination of the potentially pathogenic strains to avoid health complications, are highly recommended, especially in patients with impaired immunity.
In recent decades the use of orthodontic appliances in Poland has increased; however, data on their influence on changes of components of the microbiome connected with oral biofilm are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral microbiota in terms of their role as risk factors for health complications.
Material and methods:
The study included 100 patients treated with removable or fixed appliances. Oral hygiene and gingival health were determined, and periodontal swabs taken from each patient for parasitological, bacteriological and mycological microscopic and in vitro examinations.
Results:
Oral protists and various pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial and fungal strains were identified in the superficial layer of biofilm. A higher prevalence of bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and various strains of yeast-like fungi from the Candida albicans group, occurred in patients treated with the fixed appliance than in those using a removable appliance or not treated orthodontically. In some periodontal samples from patients treated with fixed appliances, cysts of the Acanthamoeba spp. were found.
Conclusions:
The use of orthodontic appliances alters the status of the oral cavity; it has impact on the colonization of oral biofilm by opportunistic/pathogenic strains, and increases the risk of their dissemination to various human tissues and organs. Pretreatment examination of oral microbiome, its monitoring particularly during treatment with fixed appliances, and preventive elimination of the potentially pathogenic strains to avoid health complications, are highly recommended, especially in patients with impaired immunity.
REFERENCES (40)
1.
Jenkinson HF, Lamont RJ. Oral microbial communities in sickness and in health. Trend Microbiol. 2005; 13(12): 589–595.
2.
Zaura E, Keijser BJ, Huse SM, Crielaard W. Defining the healthy’core microbiome’ of oral microbial communities. BMC Microbiol. 2009; 9(1): 259–270.
3.
Belda-Ferre P, Alcaraz LD, Cabrera-Rubio R. The oral metagenome in health and disease. ISME J. 2012; 6(1): 46–56.
4.
Lunsford RD, Melillo AA, Somerman MJ. Guest editorial for special oral microbes edition, Microbes Infect. 2015; 17(7): 471–472.
5.
Sampaio-Maia B, Monteiro-Silva F. Acquisition and maturation of oral microbiome throughout childhood: An update. Dent Res J. 2014; 11: 291–301.
6.
Feki A, Molet B, Haag R, Kremer M. Protozoa of the human oral cavity (epidemiological correlations and pathogenic possibilities). J Biol Buccale. 1981; 9: 155–161.
7.
Zawadzki PJ, Perkowski K, Starościak B, Baltaza W, Padzik M, Pionkowski K, Chomicz L. Identification of infectious microbiota from oral cavity environment of various population group patients as a preventive approach to human health risk factors. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016; 23(4): 566–569.
9.
Mitchell L. Decalcification during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances – an overview. Br J Orthod. 1992; 19: 199–205.
10.
Marsh PD. Dental plaque: biological significance of a biofilm community lifestyle. J Clin Periodontol. 2005; 32: 7–15.
11.
Filoche S, Wong L, Sissons CH. Oral biofilms: emerging concepts in microbial ecology. J Dent Res. 2010; 89: 8–18.
12.
Perkowski K, Zawadzki PJ, Starosciak B, Dybicz M, Padzik M, Marczynska-Stolarek M, Chomicz L. Składniki mikrobiomu jamy ustnej jako czynniki ryzyka zakażeń lokalnych i uogólnionych u pacjentów bez oraz z wadami wrodzonymi narządu żucia. Adv Microbiol. 2016; 55(1): 57–67.
13.
Remiszewski A, Gordon A, Gieorgijewska J, Goliński A. Warunki zgryzowe i stan stawu skroniowo-żuchwowego u dzieci 7- i 12- letnich. Czas Stomat. 1996; XLIV(12): 834–838.
14.
Batoni G, Pardini M, Giannotti A, Ota F, Giuca MR, Gabriele M, Campa M, Senesi S. Effect of removable appliances on oral colonisation by mutans streptococci in children. Eur J Oral Sci. 2001; 109: 388–392.
15.
Ahn SJ, Lee SJ, Lim BS, Nahm DS. Quantitative determination of adhesion patterns of cariogenic streptococci to various orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 132: 815–821.
16.
Demling A, Heuer W, Elter C, Heidenblut T, Bach FW. Schwestka-Polly R, Stiesch-Scholz M. Analysis of supra- and subgingival long-term biofilm formation on orthodontic bands. Eur J Orthod. 2009; 31: 202–206.
17.
Perzyńska K, Grygorczuk A, Cwalina L, Herud B. Ocena stanu przyzębia i higieny jamy ustnej pacjentów leczonych aparatami stałymi i ruchomymi. Czas Stomatol. 1996; 49: 636–640.
18.
Jordan C, LeBlanc DJ. Influences of orthodontic appliances on oral populations of mutans streptococci. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2002; 17: 65–71.
19.
Kim K, Heimisdottir K, Gebauer U, Persson GR. Clinical and micro-biological findings at sites treated with orthodontic fixed appliances in adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010; 137: 223–228.
20.
Perkowski K, Chomicz L, Starościak B, Zadurska M, Szał wiński M, Zawadzki P, Piekarczyk P, Olędzka G. Occurrenceof pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity of the orthodontic patients requiring surgical treatment. Stomatol Współcz 2012; 19: 8–13.
21.
Mierzwińska-Nastalska E. Udział mechanizmów odpornościowych w zakażeniach grzybiczych. Prot Stom. 1999; 49: 305–310.
22.
Pietrzak-Bilińska B. Grzybice jamy ustnej u dzieci leczonych ortodontycznie. Czas Stomat. 1998; LI(2): 125–132.
23.
Kurnatowski P, Tyczkowska-Sieroń E. Wybrane czynniki sprzyjające zarażeniom grzybami w populacji człowieka. Wiad Parazytol. 2004; 50: 367–372.
24.
Nowak M, Kurnatowski P. Biofilm tworzony przez grzyby – struktura, quorum sensing, zmiany morfogenetyczne, oporność na leki. Wiad Parazytol. 2009; 55(1): 19–25.
25.
Hersh SM. Pulmonary trichomoniasis and Trichomonas tenax. J Med Microbiol. 1985; 20: 1–10.
26.
Čechová L, Leifertova I, Lisa M. The incidence of Entamoeba gingivalis in the oral cavity. Acta Univ Carol Med. 1987; 33: 549–559.
27.
Linke HAB, Gannon JT, Obin JN. Clinical survey of Entamoeba gingivalis by multiple sampling in patients with advanced periodontal disease. Int J Parasitol. 1989; 19: 803–808.
28.
Bózner P, Demeš P. Degradation of collagen types I, III, IV and V by extracellular proteinases of an oral flagellate Trichomonas tenax. Arch Oral Biol. 1991: 36: 765–770.
29.
Cielecka D, Chomicz L, Piekarczyk J, Walski M, Zawadzki PJ, Bednarczyk A, Szubińska D. Oral cavity condition and the occurence of parasitic oral protozoans in patients with genetic diseases. Acta Parasitol. 2000; 45(2): 107–112.
30.
Zawadzki PJ, Perkowski K, Padzik M, Mierzwińska-Nastalska E, Szaflik JP, Conn DB, Chomicz L. Examination of oral microbiota diversity in adults and older adults as an approach to prevent spread of risk factors for human infections. BioMed Res Int. 2017; Article ID 8106491.7 pages. doi: 10.1155/2017/8106491.
31.
Vráblic J, Vondrážka J, Tomová S, Stanik R, Čatár G. Morphology and diagnosis of the oral protozoans Trichomonas tenax and Entamoeba gingivalis using the Giemsa-Romanovsky stain. Bratisl Med L. 1998; 99: 567–572.
32.
Zawadzki PJ, Perkowski K, Starościak B, Dybicz M, Baltaza W, Pionkowski K, Chomicz L. Evaluation of selected oral cavity microbiota—risk factors of management complications in patients with masticatory system disorders. Ann of Parasitol. 2016; 62(1): 71–76.
34.
Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA. Manual of clinical microbiology. 9th edition. ASM Press, Washington, USA, 2007.
35.
Pietruski JK. Zaburzenia odporności w kandydiazie jamy ustnej. Przegląd piśmiennictwa. Czas Stomatol. 1995; 43:282–286.
36.
Fortak B, Płaneta-Małecka I, Trojanowska-Lipczyk J, Czkwianianc E, Dyńska E, Kozieł B. Rola grzybów z rodzaju Candida w etiopatogenezie zapalenia błony śluzowej przełyku, żołądka i dwunastnicy u dzieci. Wiad Parazytol. 2004; 50: 381–386.
37.
Kurnatowski P. Niektóre aspekty grzybic wieloogniskowych i uogólnionych. Wiad Parazytol. 2004; 50: 359–365.
38.
Ribaux CL, Couble ML, Magloire H, Herbage D. Degradation of type I collagen by Trichomonas tenax: a biochemical study. J Dent Res. 1981; 60: 1202.
39.
Chomicz L, Piekarczyk J, Starościak B, Fiedor P, Piekarczyk B, Szubińska D, Zawadzki PJ, Walski M. Comparative studies on the occurrence of protozoans, bacteria and fungi in the oral cavity of patients with systemic disorders. Acta Parasitol. 2016; 47: 147–153.
40.
Chomicz L, Conn DB, Padzik M, Jacek P. Szaflik JP, Walochnik J, Zawadzki PJ, Pawłowski W, Dybicz W. Emerging threats for human health in Poland: pathogenic isolates from drug resistant Acanthamoeba keratitis monitored in terms of their in vitro dynamics and temperature adaptability. BioMed Res Intern. 2015, Article ID 231285, 8 pages. doi: 10.1155/2015/231285.
| eISSN: | 1898-2263 |
| ISSN: | 1232-1966 |
Improvement of visual identification of the journal - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher Education allocated to the activities of disseminating science.
Generation of the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
