Introduction:
Children are at greater risk than adults to experience adverse effects from environmental agents. Significant neurological damage to children can occur even at very low levels of exposure. Reliable protection of children living in areas with high environmental hazards is not possible without their parent’s’ understanding of where, how and why children’s exposures occur.

Objectives:
The aim of the presented study was to indicate families’ awareness of environmental risks with increased health disorders in children in the chosen area of the Silesian Province.

Material and Methods:
Rates of development disorders in general, including physical and psychomotor development disorders, in a population of children from the study area were estimated. A questionnaire was used in order to explore through a door-to-door survey the perceptions of environmental risk in a population of 2,491 residents.

Results:
The presented study shows that the parents’ awareness of environmental health risks is not satisfactory. The majority expressed an opinion that the outdoor environment exerts a major influence upon the state of health, but less than 1% of the parents were aware of the indoor environmental risk.

Conclusions:
The most effective way to prevent children’s exposure is to teach the community to identify environmental threats and educate them on how to their protect children. The appropriate policies and programmes should be developed and implemented as this seems to be the most effective and cheapest way to prevent children’s exposure to environmental risks.