Online first
Current issue
Archive
Special Issues
About the Journal
Publication Ethics
Anti-Plagiarism system
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Reviewers
Editorial Board
Editorial Office
Contact
Reviewers
All Reviewers
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
General Data Protection Regulation (RODO)
RESEARCH PAPER
Assessment of differences in psychosocial resources and state of health of rural and urban residents – based on studies carried out on students during examination stress
1
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2
Chair of Development of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
3
Department of Family Medicine and Community Nursing, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
4
Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Poland
Corresponding author
Danuta Zarzycka
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(4):882-887
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Civilization changes of the environment shaping the psychosocial resources from rural to urban influence human health.
Aim:
The study aimed to identify the differences due to the place of residence (rural, urban) as far as health resources are concerned (social support, sense of coherence, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration in plasma) and health in examination stress situations. The study also determined the concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (health resource) and cortisol (stress indicator).
Material and Methods:
The psychosocial variables were assessed using the scales: ISEL-48v. Coll., SOC-29, SF-36v.2™ o and analogue scale (perception of examination stress). The study included, based on a stratified sampling (year of study) and purposive sampling (written examination, major), 731 students representing the six universities in Lublin, south-east Poland. Among the respondents, 130 students were rural residents.
Results:
Health resources of students living in rural and urban areas generally differ statistically significantly in social support and the subscales of availability of tangible support, availability of appreciative support, the availability of cognitive-evaluative support and a sense of resourcefulness. The study recorded a sstatistically significantly larger network of family ties among students living in rural areas. The demonstrated diversity of resources did not substantially affect the perceived health, with the exception of pain sensation. Examination stress assessed by subjective opinion of the respondents and plasma cortisol levels vary relative to the place of residence. Students residing in rural areas showed significantly lower cortisol levels values, but subjectively perceived the situation of examation as more stressful.
Conclusions:
Differences in health resources and their mechanism of impact on health, to a limited extent, were conditioned by the place of residence, but they are so important in the light of human choices that they require further analysis.
Civilization changes of the environment shaping the psychosocial resources from rural to urban influence human health.
Aim:
The study aimed to identify the differences due to the place of residence (rural, urban) as far as health resources are concerned (social support, sense of coherence, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration in plasma) and health in examination stress situations. The study also determined the concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (health resource) and cortisol (stress indicator).
Material and Methods:
The psychosocial variables were assessed using the scales: ISEL-48v. Coll., SOC-29, SF-36v.2™ o and analogue scale (perception of examination stress). The study included, based on a stratified sampling (year of study) and purposive sampling (written examination, major), 731 students representing the six universities in Lublin, south-east Poland. Among the respondents, 130 students were rural residents.
Results:
Health resources of students living in rural and urban areas generally differ statistically significantly in social support and the subscales of availability of tangible support, availability of appreciative support, the availability of cognitive-evaluative support and a sense of resourcefulness. The study recorded a sstatistically significantly larger network of family ties among students living in rural areas. The demonstrated diversity of resources did not substantially affect the perceived health, with the exception of pain sensation. Examination stress assessed by subjective opinion of the respondents and plasma cortisol levels vary relative to the place of residence. Students residing in rural areas showed significantly lower cortisol levels values, but subjectively perceived the situation of examation as more stressful.
Conclusions:
Differences in health resources and their mechanism of impact on health, to a limited extent, were conditioned by the place of residence, but they are so important in the light of human choices that they require further analysis.
REFERENCES (25)
1.
Chodkiewicz J. Personal resources in human development. Part 1. Remedium 2005; 14–15.
2.
Mudyń K. Can one have resources with no access to them? Problem of resources availability. In: Juczyński Z, Ogińska-Bulik N (eds.). Personal and social resources promoting the health of individual. University of Łódź Publishing, Łódź, 2003.pp.63–78.
3.
Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Transactional theory and research on emotion and coping. Eur J Pers. 1987; 1(3): 141–170.
4.
Antonovsky A. Solving health secret. How to cope with stress and not to become ill. IPiN, Warszawa, 2005 (in Polish).
5.
Dryszel A. Student born bad. Weekly Review 2011; 21: http://www.przeglad-tygodnik.p... (access: 27.03.2013) (in Polish).
6.
Bardi M, Konne T, Mewaldt S, O`Connor K. Behavioral and physiological correlates of stress related to examination performance in collage chemistry students. Stres 2011; 14(5): 557–566.
7.
Tam CL, Foo YC, Lee TH. The association between perceived social support, socio-economic status and mental health in young Malaysian adults. East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2011; 21(2): 73–78.
8.
Biró E, Balajti I, Dány RA, Kósa K. Determinants of mental well-being in medical students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010; 45(2): 253–258.
9.
Łosiak W. Individual context of coherence sense. In: Brzeziński JM, Cierpiałkowska L (eds.). Health and disease. Problems in theory, diagnosis and practice. GWP, Gdańsk, 2008.pp.215–226.
10.
Załuska M, Janota B. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in stress and depression mechanisms. Psychiatr Pol. 2009; 3(43): 263–274.
11.
Papierska L. Dehydroepiandrosterone – replacement therapy of old age. Gerontol Pol. 2004; 12(2): 63–67.
12.
Karasek M. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in postmenopausal women. Przeg Menop. 2005; 5(4): 8–13.
13.
Bell PA, Greene TC, Fisher JD, Baum A. Environmental psychology. GWP, Gdańsk 2003.
14.
Cohen S, Gottlieb BH, Underwood LG. Social Relationships and Health. In: Cohen S, Underwood LG, Gottlieb BH (Eds). Social Support Measurement and Intervention. A Guide for Health and Social Scientists. Oxford University Press, New York 2000. pp.3–25.
15.
Ware JE, Kosinski M, Bjorner JB, Turner-Bowker DM, Gandek B, Maruish ME. User`s manual for the SF-36v.2 ™ Health Survey (2 nd ed.) RI: Quality Metric Incorporated. Lincoln, 2007.
16.
Kudielka BM, Buske-Kirschbaum A, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C. APA axis responses to laboratory psychosocial stress in healthy elderly adults, younger adults, and children: impact of age and gender. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2004; 29(1): 83–98.
17.
Education Development Strategy for 2007–2013. The Ministry of Education, Warszawa 2005 (in Polish).
18.
Bańka A. Social environmental psychology. Scientific Publishing Scholar, Warsaw 2002.
19.
Jałowiecki B, Szczepański MS. City and space in the sociological perspective. Scientific Publishing Scholar, Warsaw 2006.
20.
Żołnierczyk-Zreda D, Wrześniewski K, Bugajska J, Jędryka-Góral A. Polish version of SF-36v2 questionnaire for assessing quality of life. Central Institute of Work Protection – National Research Institute, Warszawa, 2009.
21.
Gorlach K. Sociology of rural areas. Scientific Publishing Scholar, Warszawa 2004.
22.
Bukraba – Rylska I. Sociology of Polish village. Scientific Publishing PWN, Warsaw 2008.
23.
Boski P. Cultural frames of social behaviours. Scientific Publishing PWN, Academica Publishing SWPS, Warszawa 2009.
24.
Aronson E, Wilson T, Alert R. Social psychology. Zysk i S-ka Publishing, Poznań, 2012.
25.
Steblay NM. Helping behavior in rural and urban environments. A meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 1987; 102(3): 346–356.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1898-2263 |
| ISSN: | 1232-1966 |
Improvement of visual identification of the journal - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher Education allocated to the activities of disseminating science.
Generation of the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) - task financed under the agreement No. 618/P-DUN/2019 by the Minister of Science and Higher
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
