EDITORIAL
Alcohol-containing mouthwash and oral cancer – can epidemiology prove the absence of risk?
 
More details
Hide details
1
Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Agency Karlsruhe, Germany
 
 
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012;19(3):609-610
 
ABSTRACT
Gandini et al. [1] are to be commended for providing the most detailed meta-analysis of epidemiological studies about the connection between mouthwash use and oral cancer risk. The result (i.e. the absence of an association between use of alcohol-containing mouthwash and risk) was not completely unexpected, based on previous meta analyses financed by manufacturers of this type of mouthwash [2, 3, 4, 5], which were critically scrutinized in the past as the outcomes were often more favourable than in independently financed studies [6]. Nevertheless, no obvious industry bias was recognizable in the current piece and, especially, the authors have clearly separated alcohol-containing from alcohol-free mouthwashes in their analysis.
 
REFERENCES (15)
1.
Gandini S, Negri E, Boffetta P, La Vecchia C, Boyle P. Mouthwash and oral cancer risk – quantitative meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012; 19: 173-180.
 
2.
La Vecchia C. Mouthwash and oral cancer risk: An update. Oral Oncol. 2009; 45: 198-200.
 
3.
Cole P, Rodu B, Mathisen A. Alcohol-containing mouthwash and oropharyngeal cancer: a review of the epidemiology. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003; 134: 1079-1087.
 
4.
Elmore JG, Horwitz RI. Oral cancer and mouthwash use: evaluation of the epidemiologic evidence. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995; 113: 253-261.
 
5.
Shapiro S, Castellana JV, Sprafka JM. Alcohol-containing mouthwashes and oropharyngeal cancer: A spurious association due to underascertainment of confounders? Am J Epidemiol. 1996; 144: 1091-1095.
 
6.
Lachenmeier DW. Safety evaluation of topical applications of ethanol on the skin and inside the oral cavity. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2008; 3: 26.
 
7.
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Alcohol consumption and ethyl carbamate. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2010; 96: 1-1428.
 
8.
Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V et al. Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages. Lancet Oncol. 2007; 8: 292-293.
 
9.
Secretan B, Straif K, Baan R, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V et al. A review of human carcinogens – Part E: tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish. Lancet Oncol. 2009; 10: 1033-1034.
 
10.
Lachenmeier DW, Gumbel-Mako S, Sohnius EM, Keck-Wilhelm A, Kratz E, Mildau G. Salivary acetaldehyde increase due to alcohol-containing mouthwash use: a risk factor for oral cancer. Int J Cancer. 2009; 125: 730-735.
 
11.
Nummi KP, Salaspuro M, Väkeväinen S. The use of alcohol-containing mouthwash leads to production of carcinogenic acetaldehyde in the oral cavity. Alcohol Alcohol. 2011; 46 (Suppl. 1): 43.
 
12.
Moazzez R, Thompson H, Palmer RM, Wilson RF, Proctor GB, Wade WG. Effect of rinsing with ethanol-containing mouthrinses on the production of salivary acetaldehyde. Eur J Oral Sci. 2011; 119: 441-446.
 
13.
Guha N, Boffetta P, Wünsch Filho V, Eluf Neto J, Shangina O, Zaridze D et al. Oral health and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and esophagus: results of two multicentric case-control studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2007; 166: 1159-1173.
 
14.
Vlachojannis C, Winsauer H, Chrubasik S. Effectiveness and Safety of a Mouthwash Containing Essential Oil Ingredients. Phytother Res. 2012; in press. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4762.
 
15.
McCullough MJ, Farah CS. The role of alcohol in oral carcinogenesis with particular reference to alcohol-containing mouthwashes. Aust Dent J. 2008; 53: 302-305.
 
eISSN:1898-2263
ISSN:1232-1966
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top