RESEARCH PAPER
Emotions experienced in association with agricultural work performed in childhood – in opinions of adults
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Public Health, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
 
2
Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
 
3
The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
 
 
Corresponding author
Stanisław Lachowski   

Department of Public Health, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
 
 
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(3):627-633
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Performance of work is related with experiencing various emotions, from positive – indicating full satisfaction with work, to negative – describing failures, and even harm caused by work. Such emotions are also experienced by children engaged in work on family farms.

Objective:
The objective of the study is the determination of emotions experienced in association with performing agricultural work in childhood, and indication of the factors conditioning the occurrence of positive and negative emotions.

Material and Methods:
The study was conducted by the method of a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire technique, and covered a group of 482 adults from agricultural families.

Results:
In childhood, positive emotions related with the performance of work are more often experienced than negative emotions. The occurrence of positive emotions is positively related with willingness to perform work activities, working time, respondent’s age, age at which a child started to perform work, and age at which a child discontinued helping on a farm. The occurrence of negative emotions is positively related with unwillingness to perform work, performing work activities beyond the physical capabilities of a child, neglecting school duties, missing classes at school due to work, and with working time.

Conclusions:
With work performed in childhood are associated positive and negative emotions experienced in childhood and adulthood. The performance of work in childhood shapes emotions experienced by an adult which may affect his/her quality of life and functioning in adulthood.

 
REFERENCES (21)
1.
Mazurek FJ. Miejsce fundamentalnej normy moralności i norm moralnych jako reguł w dziedzinie gospodarczej. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego 2008; 8: 61–83 (in Polish).
 
2.
Markowska D. Rodzina w społeczności wiejskiej – ciągłość i zmiana. In: J Styk. Socjologia wsi i rolnictwa. Wybór tekstów. UMCS, Lublin 1987 (in Polish).
 
3.
Kim J Zepeda L. Factors affecting children participation and amount of labor on family farms. Journal of Safety Research 2004; 35: 393.
 
4.
Lachowski S Zagórski J. Obciążenie praca dzieci z rodzin rolniczych. Zmiany w ostatnim dziesięcioleciu. IMW, Lublin 2010 (in Polish).
 
5.
Lachowski S, Bujak F, Zagórski J, Lachowska B. Postawy rodziców wobec angażowania dzieci do prac we własnym gospodarstwie rolnym. IMW, Lublin 2002 (in Polish).
 
6.
Lachowski S. Zagrożenia dla zdrowia i życia przy pracach rolnych w ocenie dzieci wiejskich w wieku 11–13 lat. In: Solecki L (eds.). Skażenia środowiska pracy i bytu w rolnictwie. IMW, Lublin 2005 (in Polish).
 
7.
Seligman MEP, Csikszentmihalyi M. Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist 2000; 55(1): 5–14.
 
8.
Egloff B, Schmukle S C, Burns L R, Kohlmann C W, Hock M. Facets of dynamic positive affect: differentiating joy, interest, and activation in positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003; 85(3): 528–540.
 
9.
Ekman P. Emotions in the human face. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England 1982.
 
10.
Izard CE. Human emotions. Plenum Press, New York 1977.
 
11.
Plutchik R. The psychology and biology of emotion. HarperCollins, New York 1994.
 
12.
Tomkins SS. Affect, imagery, and conscientiousness: Vol. 1. The positive affects. Springer, New York 1962.
 
13.
Shaver P, Schwartz J, Kirson D, O’Connor C. Emotion knowledge: Further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1987; 52: 1061–1086.
 
14.
Watson D, Tellegen A. Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin 1985; 98: 219–235.
 
15.
Bańka A. Psychologia organizacji. In: J Strelau (eds.). Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki. GWP, Gdańsk 2002.p. 321–350 (in Polish).
 
16.
Adamski F. Rodzina Wymiar społeczno-kulturowy. UJ, Kraków 2002.
 
17.
Fredrickson BL. The value of positive emotions. American Scientist 2003; 91: 330–335.
 
18.
Rothbard NP. Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles. Administrative Science Quarterly 2001; 46: 655–684.
 
19.
Lazarus RS, Kanner AD, Folkman S. Emotions: A cognitive-phenomenological analysis. In Plutchik R, Kellerman H (Eds.). Theories of emotions. Academic Press, New York 1980. pp.189–217.
 
20.
Stone AA. Cox DS, Valdimarsdottir H, Jandorf L. Evidence that secretory IgA antibody is associated with daily mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1987; 52: 988–993.
 
21.
Salovey P, Rothman AJ, Detweiler JB, Steward WT. Emotional states and physical health. American Psychologist 2000; 55: 110–121.
 
eISSN:1898-2263
ISSN:1232-1966
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top