RESEARCH PAPER
Assessment of dietary intake in a sample of Polish population – baseline assessment from the prospective cohort ‘PONS’ study
1
Department of Food Science and Dietetics, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
2
Department of Dietetics, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
3
Department of Social Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
4
Population Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
5
Department of Internal Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
6
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre, Trondheim, Norway
7
Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
8
European Health Inequalities Observatory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2011;18(2):229-234
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of participants in the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS).
Material and Methods:
The presented study comprised 3,862 inhabitants of Świętokrzyskie Province aged 45-64 (2,572 females and 1,290 males). Daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat and fatty acid were estimated using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).
Results:
Energy intake was significantly higher in males than females (1,461.4 vs 1,320.7 kcal/day), and in participants aged 45-54 than in those aged 55-64 (1,409.5 vs 1,338.5 kcal/day). The percentage of energy from saturated fatty acids was higher than dietary recommendations. Protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes were significantly higher in males compared to females, and in younger than in older group. Daily cholesterol intake was significantly higher in males compared to females and in younger than in older group. People with a higher level of education had a higher energy, protein and fat intake.
Conclusions:
Under-reporting of energy intake was observed in a significant percentage of participants, especially in males. Gender, age and education status had statistically significant impact on dietary intake. Increase in the intake of dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with diet by the studied participants will make the diets more healthy.
The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of participants in the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS).
Material and Methods:
The presented study comprised 3,862 inhabitants of Świętokrzyskie Province aged 45-64 (2,572 females and 1,290 males). Daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat and fatty acid were estimated using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).
Results:
Energy intake was significantly higher in males than females (1,461.4 vs 1,320.7 kcal/day), and in participants aged 45-54 than in those aged 55-64 (1,409.5 vs 1,338.5 kcal/day). The percentage of energy from saturated fatty acids was higher than dietary recommendations. Protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes were significantly higher in males compared to females, and in younger than in older group. Daily cholesterol intake was significantly higher in males compared to females and in younger than in older group. People with a higher level of education had a higher energy, protein and fat intake.
Conclusions:
Under-reporting of energy intake was observed in a significant percentage of participants, especially in males. Gender, age and education status had statistically significant impact on dietary intake. Increase in the intake of dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with diet by the studied participants will make the diets more healthy.
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